They say behind a great application is a great database manager. This applies to applications designed to solve a major problem within an organization or management applications. An example of this is WordPress, a powerful CMS that uses MariaDB as a data handler. So today I will show you how to install MariaDB on FreeBSD.
Why the combination of MariaDB and FreeBSD?
FreeBSD is a Unix based system that for many experts is even more secure than Linux. And we already know that Linux is widely used in servers around the world, however, more and more people are using FreeBSD on them.
On the other hand, on many servers, there is an instance of some SQL database manager like MariaDB. Also being this one of the most used database managers in the world along with MySQL and PostgreSQL, it is not surprising that you want to install it on FreeBSD 12.
So the combination between MariaDB and FreeBSD 12 as a database server is a sure success in security.
So let’s go for it.
Install MariaDB on FreeBSD 12
For this guide, we will use the sudo command, therefore, it must be enabled. So we recommend you to read:
How to enable sudo on FreeBSD 12?
So, open a terminal session or connect to the computer using SSH.
Then, update the whole system with the following command:
:~$ sudo pkg update
Once all security patches are installed, the system is ready to continue.
The purpose of this guide is to install MariaDB but there are several versions in the official FreeBSD 12 repositories. However, we will install the last one which is 10.4.
To do this, run the following command:
:~$ sudo pkg install mariadb104-server mariadb104-client php74-mysqli Updating FreeBSD repository catalogue... FreeBSD repository is up to date. All repositories are up to date. The following 9 package(s) will be affected (of 0 checked): New packages to be INSTALLED: mariadb104-server: 10.4.12 mariadb104-client: 10.4.12 php74-mysqli: 7.4.2 libedit: 3.1.20191211,1 unixODBC: 2.3.7 galera26: 26.4.2_1 boost-libs: 1.72.0 icu: 65.1,1 libiconv: 1.14_11 Number of packages to be installed: 9 The process will require 472 MiB more space. 57 MiB to be downloaded. Proceed with this action? [y/N]:
Once installed, it is most convenient to enable the service to start with the system. In short, MariaDB will run when the computer starts up.
:~$ sudo sysrc mysql_enable="yes" mysql_enable: -> yes
And then the service begins.
:~$ sudo service mysql-server start Installing MariaDB/MySQL system tables in '/var/db/mysql' ... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system Two all-privilege accounts were created. One is root@localhost, it has no password, but you need to be system 'root' user to connect. Use, for example, sudo mysql The second is root@localhost, it has no password either, but you need to be the system 'root' user to connect. After connecting you can set the password, if you would need to be able to connect as any of these users with a password and without sudo See the MariaDB Knowledgebase at http://mariadb.com/kb or the MySQL manual for more instructions. You can start the MariaDB daemon with: cd '/usr/local' ; /usr/local/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir='/var/db/mysql' You can test the MariaDB daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd '/usr/local/mysql-test' ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems at http://mariadb.org/jira The latest information about MariaDB is available at http://mariadb.org/. You can find additional information about the MySQL part at: http://dev.mysql.com Consider joining MariaDB's strong and vibrant community:Get InvolvedStarting mysql.
Now you have to assign a password to the root user. To do this we’ll use the mysql_secure_installation script. Execute it and assign a password to the root user.
:~$ sudo /usr/local/bin/mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password or using the unix_socket ensures that nobody
can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation.
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Switch to unix_socket authentication [Y/n] y
Enabled successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
You already have your root account protected, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Change the root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
Then, answer the configuration questions. In my case, I answered yes to everything.
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
Now MariaDB is ready for you to use it.
:~$ sudo mysql -u root -p
And that is it.
Conclusion
MariaDB is one of the most stable and robust database managers in the world. Installing it on FreeBSD 12 gives us a stable computer to run it on. And today thanks to this post you have learned how to do it.
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